The Guide of Maraging Steel

When you think about high-strength materials used in aerospace, tooling, and other critical applications, maraging steel stands out. It’s the superhero of the steel world, boasting incredible strength and toughness while maintaining good malleability. But what exactly is maraging steel? How does it differ from other steels? And why should you care? Let’s dive deep into this fascinating topic and uncover everything you need to know.

Overview of Maraging Steel

Maraging steel is a special type of ultra-high-strength steel known for its superior strength and toughness, achieved through a unique heat treatment process. Unlike typical steels, maraging steel is characterized by its low carbon content and high levels of nickel. The term “maraging” is derived from the combination of “martensite” and “aging,” which are the key processes in its heat treatment.

주요 기능:

• 높은 강도: Exceptional tensile strength up to 2,500 MPa.
• 강인함: Retains toughness even at low temperatures.
• Malleability: Can be easily machined before aging.
• 내식성: Good resistance to corrosion compared to other high-strength steels.
• 열처리: Unique aging process that enhances mechanical properties.

Types and Composition of Maraging Steel

There are several grades of maraging steel, each with its own specific composition and properties. Here are some of the most commonly used models:

유형	니켈(%)	Cobalt (%)	몰리브덴(%)	티타늄(%)	기타 요소	주요 속성
결혼 200	18-19	7-8	4.5-5	0.2-0.4	Aluminium, Niobium	높은 강도, 우수한 인성
결혼 250	18-19	7-8	4.5-5	0.4-0.6	Aluminium, Niobium	Higher strength than 200, similar toughness
결혼 300	18-19	8-9	4.5-5	0.6-0.8	Aluminium, Niobium	Superior strength, excellent toughness
결혼 350	18-19	11-12	4.5-5	1.2-1.5	Aluminium, Niobium	Highest strength, good toughness
Maraging 18Ni(300)	18-19	8-9	4.5-5	0.6-0.8	Aluminium, Niobium, Chromium	고강도, 우수한 내식성
Maraging C300	18-19	9-10	4.5-5	0.6-0.8	Aluminium, Chromium	높은 강도, 우수한 가공성
Maraging 18Ni(250)	18-19	7-8	4.5-5	0.4-0.6	Aluminium, Chromium	High strength, moderate toughness
Maraging 18Ni(350)	18-19	11-12	4.5-5	1.2-1.5	Aluminium, Chromium	Very high strength, moderate toughness
Maraging 18Ni(200)	18-19	7-8	4.5-5	0.2-0.4	Aluminium, Chromium	Moderate strength, high toughness
Maraging 18Ni(CoMo)	18-19	9-10	4.5-5	0.6-0.8	Aluminium, Cobalt	High strength, high toughness

Applications of Maraging Steel

Maraging steel’s remarkable properties make it suitable for a wide range of high-performance applications. Here’s a breakdown of its uses across various industries:

산업	애플리케이션
항공우주	Aircraft landing gears, rocket motor cases, helicopter drive shafts
툴링	Injection molds, extrusion dies, cold-work tools
자동차	High-performance engine components, gears, shafts
군대	Missile casings, firearm components, tank tracks
스포츠 장비	Golf club heads, fencing blades, racing car frames
전력 생성	터빈 부품, 원자로 부품

Advantages of Maraging Steel

Maraging steel offers several advantages over other high-strength materials:

• 뛰어난 강도와 견고함: Offers a unique combination of high tensile strength and toughness.
• 우수한 가공성: Easy to machine in the annealed condition before the final aging treatment.
• 차원 안정성: Maintains dimensional stability during heat treatment, reducing the risk of distortion.
• 내식성: Offers better resistance to corrosion compared to other ultra-high-strength steels.
• Predictable Aging Process: The aging process is straightforward and predictable, making it easier to control the final properties of the material.

마레이징 스틸의 단점

Despite its many advantages, maraging steel has some limitations:

• 비용: Higher cost compared to other steels due to the use of expensive alloying elements like nickel and cobalt.
• 취성: Can become brittle if over-aged or improperly heat-treated.
• 가용성: Limited availability in some regions, which can impact lead times and cost.

사양, 크기, 등급 및 표준

When choosing maraging steel for your project, it’s essential to consider the specific grades and standards to ensure you get the right material for your needs. Here’s a comprehensive look at the various specifications and standards:

등급	사양	Size Range (mm)	표준
결혼 200	ASTM A538, AMS 6520	10-200	ASTM, SAE, AMS
결혼 250	ASTM A538, AMS 6521	10-200	ASTM, SAE, AMS
결혼 300	ASTM A538, AMS 6522	10-200	ASTM, SAE, AMS
결혼 350	ASTM A538, AMS 6523	10-200	ASTM, SAE, AMS
Maraging 18Ni(300)	ASTM A538, AMS 6524	10-200	ASTM, SAE, AMS
Maraging C300	ASTM A538, AMS 6525	10-200	ASTM, SAE, AMS
Maraging 18Ni(250)	ASTM A538, AMS 6526	10-200	ASTM, SAE, AMS
Maraging 18Ni(350)	ASTM A538, AMS 6527	10-200	ASTM, SAE, AMS
Maraging 18Ni(200)	ASTM A538, AMS 6528	10-200	ASTM, SAE, AMS
Maraging 18Ni(CoMo)	ASTM A538, AMS 6529	10-200	ASTM, SAE, AMS

공급업체 및 가격 세부 정보

Finding a reliable supplier is crucial when sourcing maraging steel. Here are some top suppliers along with approximate pricing details:

공급업체	위치	Grade Availability	Approximate Price ($/kg)
Precision Steel Warehouse	미국	All grades	$50-100
Smiths Metal Centres	UK	All grades	$45-95
히타치 금속	일본	Maraging 200, 250, 300, 350	$60-110
Böhler Edelstahl	오스트리아	All grades	$55-105
Dynamic Metals	UK	All grades	$50-100
Viking Steel	미국	All grades	$50-100
오베르 & 듀발	프랑스	All grades	$55-110
다이도 스틸	일본	Maraging 200, 250, 300, 350	$60-110
샌드빅	스웨덴	All grades	$50-100
ATI 금속	미국	All grades	$50-100

Pros and Cons of Maraging Steel Compared to Other Steels

마레이징 스틸 has its unique set of pros and cons when compared to other high-strength steels.

장점:

• Higher Strength: Maraging steel offers higher tensile strength compared to most other steels.
• Better Machinability: Easier to machine in the annealed state.
• 차원 안정성: Maintains dimensions during heat treatment.
• 내식성: Better than many high-strength steels.

단점:

• 더 높은 비용: More expensive due to alloying elements.
• 취성: Can become brittle if not properly heat-treated.
• 제한적 이용 가능: Not as widely available as other steels.

Comparing Maraging Steel Models

Here’s a comparison of the most popular maraging steel models based on their properties and applications:

모델	강도(MPa)	인성	가공성	내식성	애플리케이션
결혼 200	2000-2100	높음	양호	보통	항공우주, 툴링
결혼 250	2100-2200	높음	양호	보통	Aerospace, tooling, automotive
결혼 300	2200-2300	우수	양호	보통	Aerospace, military, tooling
결혼 350	2300-2400	양호	보통	보통	Aerospace, military, power generation
Maraging 18Ni(300)	2200-2300	높음	양호	양호	Aerospace, automotive, military
Maraging C300	2200-2300	높음	양호	양호	Tooling, automotive, sports equipment
Maraging 18Ni(250)	2100-2200	보통	양호	보통	Aerospace, automotive, tooling
Maraging 18Ni(350)	2300-2400	보통	보통	보통	Aerospace, military, power generation
Maraging 18Ni(200)	2000-2100	높음	양호	보통	Tooling, sports equipment
Maraging 18Ni(CoMo)	2200-2300	높음	양호	양호	Aerospace, automotive, military

자주 묻는 질문

Let’s tackle some frequently asked questions about maraging steel to clear up any lingering doubts:

질문	답변
결혼하는 강철이란 무엇인가요?	Maraging steel is a type of ultra-high-strength steel known for its low carbon content and high nickel levels, enhanced through a unique aging process.
How is maraging steel made?	It’s produced by melting the alloying elements and then subjecting the material to an aging process to achieve the desired properties.
마레이징 강철의 주요 응용 분야는 무엇인가요?	It’s used in aerospace, tooling, automotive, military, sports equipment, and power generation due to its high strength and toughness.
Why is maraging steel expensive?	The cost is high due to the use of expensive alloying elements like nickel and cobalt and the complex production process.
강철을 용접할 수 있나요?	Yes, maraging steel can be welded, but it requires careful control of the welding parameters to maintain its properties.
What are the advantages of maraging steel over other steels?	It offers higher strength, better machinability, dimensional stability during heat treatment, and better corrosion resistance.
What are the disadvantages of maraging steel?	It is more expensive and can become brittle if not properly heat-treated.
Is maraging steel magnetic?	Yes, maraging steel is magnetic due to its high nickel content.
How does the aging process work?	The aging process involves heating the steel to a specific temperature to precipitate intermetallic compounds that enhance its strength and toughness.
What is the typical lifespan of maraging steel?	When properly treated and maintained, maraging steel components can have a long lifespan, often outlasting other high-strength steels.

결론

Maraging steel is a remarkable material that stands out in the world of high-strength steels. Its unique combination of strength, toughness, and machinability makes it an invaluable resource in industries where performance and reliability are paramount. Whether you’re designing aerospace components, high-performance tools, or critical military hardware, maraging steel provides the strength and durability you need.

By understanding its properties, applications, and the differences between various grades, you can make informed decisions to leverage this powerful material to its fullest potential. So next time you encounter a challenge that demands the best in material performance, consider maraging steel – the super steel that’s ready to take on the toughest jobs.

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