Kovový prášek pro nástroje
Obsah
Tooling is an essential aspect of many industries, from automotive to aerospace. The ability to shape, cut, and form metal into specific designs is crucial. One key component in this process is metal powder, a material that has revolutionized how tooling is done. This article dives deep into the world of kovový prášek pro nástroje, offering an exhaustive overview of different types, their compositions, properties, and much more. So, let’s get started!
Overview of Metal Powder for Tooling
Metal powders are finely divided solid materials used in various manufacturing processes. These powders are essential in tooling because they can be molded and fused into intricate shapes that are otherwise difficult to achieve with bulk metals. The tooling industry has benefited immensely from the development of high-quality metal powders that offer exceptional strength, durability, and precision.
Types and Characteristics of Metal Powder for Tooling
Here are some specific metal powder models commonly used in tooling, each with unique characteristics:
- 316L prášek z nerezové oceli
- Složení: Železo, chrom, nikl, molybden
- Vlastnosti: Excellent corrosion resistance, good formability, non-magnetic
- Charakteristika: Used in marine and pharmaceutical industries due to its resistance to chlorides and acids.
- Prášek z nerezové oceli 17-4 PH
- Složení: Iron, Chromium, Nickel, Copper
- Vlastnosti: High strength and hardness, good corrosion resistance
- Charakteristika: Ideal for aerospace, chemical, and petrochemical applications.
- Inconel 718 prášek
- Složení: Nikl, chrom, železo, niob, molybden
- Vlastnosti: High tensile strength, excellent fatigue and creep resistance
- Charakteristika: Perfect for high-temperature applications like gas turbines and nuclear reactors.
- Prášek titanu Ti-6Al-4V
- Složení: Titan, hliník, vanad
- Vlastnosti: Vysoký poměr pevnosti k hmotnosti, vynikající odolnost proti korozi
- Charakteristika: Commonly used in aerospace, medical implants, and automotive components.
- Kobalt-chromový prášek
- Složení: Kobalt, chrom, molybden
- Vlastnosti: Superior wear resistance, high strength, biocompatible
- Charakteristika: Used in dental implants, orthopedic implants, and aerospace components.
- Měděný prášek
- Složení: Čistá měď
- Vlastnosti: Excellent thermal and electrical conductivity, good corrosion resistance
- Charakteristika: Used in electrical components, heat exchangers, and automotive parts.
- Aluminum AlSi10Mg Powder
- Složení: Hliník, křemík, hořčík
- Vlastnosti: Lightweight, good thermal properties, high strength
- Charakteristika: Ideal for automotive and aerospace components, and lightweight structures.
- Prášek z nástrojové oceli H13
- Složení: Iron, Chromium, Molybdenum, Vanadium
- Vlastnosti: High toughness, good wear resistance, high-temperature stability
- Charakteristika: Used in die-casting, extrusion, and hot forging tools.
- Karbid wolframu v prášku
- Složení: wolfram, uhlík
- Vlastnosti: Extremely hard, excellent wear resistance, high melting point
- Charakteristika: Used in cutting tools, mining equipment, and wear-resistant parts.
- Prášek z maragingové oceli
- Složení: Železo, nikl, kobalt, molybden, titan
- Vlastnosti: Ultra-high strength, good toughness, minimal distortion during heat treatment
- Charakteristika: Perfect for aerospace, tooling, and high-stress components.
Složení Kovový prášek pro nástroje
The composition of metal powder plays a critical role in determining its properties and suitability for specific tooling applications. Here’s a detailed table of compositions for some of the most commonly used metal powders:
Kovový prášek | Klíčové prvky | Složení (%) |
---|---|---|
Nerezová ocel 316L | Fe, Cr, Ni, Mo | Fe: 65-70, Cr: 16-18, Ni: 10-14, Mo: 2-3 |
Nerezová ocel 17-4 PH | Fe, Cr, Ni, Cu | Fe: 65-70, Cr: 15-17.5, Ni: 3-5, Cu: 3-5 |
Inconel 718 | Ni, Cr, Fe, Nb, Mo | Ni: 50-55, Cr: 17-21, Fe: 17-21, Nb: 4.75-5.5, Mo: 2.8-3.3 |
Titan Ti-6Al-4V | Ti, Al, V | Ti: 88-90, Al: 5.5-6.75, V: 3.5-4.5 |
Kobalt-chrom | Co, Cr, Mo | Co: 60-65, Cr: 26-30, Mo: 5-7 |
Měď | Cu | Cu: 99.9+ |
Hliník AlSi10Mg | Al, Si, Mg | Al: 85-90, Si: 9-11, Mg: 0.2-0.4 |
Nástrojová ocel H13 | Fe, Cr, Mo, V | Fe: 85-90, Cr: 4.75-5.5, Mo: 1.1-1.75, V: 0.8-1.2 |
Karbid wolframu | W, C | W: 80-97, C: 3-20 |
Maraging Steel | Fe, Ni, Co, Mo, Ti | Fe: 60-65, Ni: 18-19, Co: 8-10, Mo: 4.6-5.2, Ti: 0.15-0.2 |
Properties of Metal Powder for Tooling
Each type of metal powder comes with its own set of properties that make it suitable for specific tooling applications. Understanding these properties can help in selecting the right material for the job.
Kovový prášek | Síla | Tvrdost | Odolnost proti korozi | Tepelná vodivost | Hustota (g/cm³) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nerezová ocel 316L | Vysoký | Střední | Vynikající | Střední | 7.9 |
Nerezová ocel 17-4 PH | Velmi vysoká | Vysoký | Dobrý | Střední | 7.75 |
Inconel 718 | Velmi vysoká | Vysoký | Vynikající | Nízký | 8.19 |
Titan Ti-6Al-4V | Vysoký | Střední | Vynikající | Střední | 4.43 |
Kobalt-chrom | Vysoký | Velmi vysoká | Vynikající | Střední | 8.3 |
Měď | Střední | Nízký | Dobrý | Vynikající | 8.96 |
Hliník AlSi10Mg | Střední | Nízký | Dobrý | Vysoký | 2.7 |
Nástrojová ocel H13 | Vysoký | Vysoký | Střední | Střední | 7.8 |
Karbid wolframu | Extrémně vysoká | Extrémně vysoká | Dobrý | Nízký | 15.7 |
Maraging Steel | Ultra-vysoký | Vysoký | Střední | Střední | 8.0 |
Applications of Metal Powder for Tooling
Metal powders find applications in a variety of industries. Here’s a breakdown of some key uses:
Průmysl | Kovový prášek | aplikace |
---|---|---|
Aerospace | Titanium Ti-6Al-4V, Inconel 718 | Součásti proudových motorů, konstrukční díly |
Automobilový průmysl | Aluminum AlSi10Mg, Copper | Engine parts, heat exchangers, electrical components |
Lékařský | Cobalt-Chrome, Titanium Ti-6Al-4V | Implantáty, chirurgické nástroje |
Elektronika | Měď, hliník AlSi10Mg | Vodivé součásti, chladiče |
Výroba nástrojů a forem | H13 Nástrojová ocel, karbid wolframu | Formy, zápustky, řezné nástroje |
Energie | Inconel 718, maraging ocel | Turbine blades, power generation equipment |
Zubní lékařství | Cobalt-Chrome, Titanium Ti-6Al-4V | Dental implants, orthodontic appliances |
Obecná výroba | 316L Stainless Steel, 17-4 PH Stainless Steel | Fasteners, industrial machinery components |
Specifications, Sizes, Grades, and Standards of Metal Powder for Tooling
Specifications and standards ensure that the metal powders meet the required quality and performance levels for tooling applications.
Kovový prášek | Specifikace | Velikosti (µm) | Známky | Normy |
---|---|---|---|---|
Nerezová ocel 316L | ASTM A276, ASTM F138 | 15-45, 45-105 | 316L, 316LS | ASTM, ISO 5832-1 |
Nerezová ocel 17-4 PH | AMS 5643, ASTM A693 | 15-45, 45-105 | 17-4 PH | ASTM, AMS |
Inconel 718 | AMS 5662, ASTM B637 | 15-45, 45-105 | 718 | AMS, ASTM, ISO |
Titan Ti-6Al-4V | ASTM B348, AMS 4911 | 15-45, 45-105 | Třída 5, třída 23 | ASTM, AMS, ISO 5832-3 |
Kobalt-chrom | ASTM F75, ASTM F1537 | 15-45, 45-105 | CoCrMo, CoCrW | ASTM, ISO |
Měď | ASTM B213, ASTM B124 | 15-45, 45-105 | ETP, OFHC | ASTM |
Hliník AlSi10Mg | ASTM B209, ASTM B247 | 15-45, 45-105 | AlSi10Mg, AlSi12 | ASTM, ISO |
Nástrojová ocel H13 | ASTM A681, AMS 6487 | 15-45, 45-105 | H13 | ASTM, AMS |
Karbid wolframu | ASTM B777, ISO 3325 | 15-45, 45-105 | WC-Co | ASTM, ISO |
Maraging Steel | AMS 6514, ASTM A538 | 15-45, 45-105 | 18Ni(300), C300 | AMS, ASTM |
Suppliers and Pricing Details of Kovový prášek pro nástroje
Here’s a list of suppliers along with pricing details for different metal powders.
Dodavatel | Kovový prášek | Cena (USD/kg) | Bulk Discount | Kontaktní informace |
---|---|---|---|---|
Tesařská technologie | Nerezová ocel 316L | 30-40 | Ano | www.carpentertech.com |
Höganäs AB | Nerezová ocel 17-4 PH | 35-45 | Ano | www.hoganas.com |
Materiály Sandvik | Inconel 718 | 100-150 | Ano | www.materials.sandvik |
ATI Metals | Titan Ti-6Al-4V | 200-250 | Ano | www.atimetals.com |
Technologie povrchů Praxair | Kobalt-chrom | 150-200 | Ano | www.praxairsurfacetechnologies.com |
Americké prvky | Měď | 20-25 | Ano | www.americanelements.com |
ECKART GmbH | Hliník AlSi10Mg | 30-35 | Ano | www.eckart.net |
Kennametal | Nástrojová ocel H13 | 50-60 | Ano | www.kennametal.com |
Globální wolfram a prášky | Karbid wolframu | 80-100 | Ano | www.globaltungsten.com |
H.C. Starck Řešení | Maraging Steel | 70-90 | Ano | www.hcstarck.com |
Comparing Pros and Cons of Metal Powders for Tooling
Each metal powder has its own set of advantages and limitations. Here’s a comparative analysis:
Kovový prášek | Výhody | Omezení |
---|---|---|
Nerezová ocel 316L | Vynikající odolnost proti korozi, biokompatibilní | Medium strength and hardness |
Nerezová ocel 17-4 PH | High strength and hardness, good corrosion resistance | More expensive than 316L |
Inconel 718 | High temperature stability, excellent strength | Velmi drahé, obtížně obrobitelné |
Titan Ti-6Al-4V | Vysoký poměr pevnosti a hmotnosti, vynikající biokompatibilita | Drahé, náročné na zpracování |
Kobalt-chrom | Superior wear resistance, high strength, biocompatible | Drahé, obtížně se obrábí |
Měď | Excellent thermal and electrical conductivity, relatively inexpensive | Low strength, prone to oxidation |
Hliník AlSi10Mg | Lehké, dobré tepelné vlastnosti | Lower strength compared to steel and titanium |
Nástrojová ocel H13 | High toughness and wear resistance, suitable for high-temperature applications | Prone to corrosion without coating |
Karbid wolframu | Extremely hard, excellent wear resistance | Very brittle, expensive |
Maraging Steel | Velmi vysoká pevnost, dobrá houževnatost | High cost, limited corrosion resistance |
Detailed Look at Specific Metal Powders
316L prášek z nerezové oceli
316L stainless steel powder is renowned for its excellent corrosion resistance, making it a top choice for applications in harsh environments. This powder is particularly favored in marine and pharmaceutical industries. Its low carbon content enhances its resistance to intergranular corrosion. This metal powder is non-magnetic in the annealed condition and exhibits good weldability.
Prášek z nerezové oceli 17-4 PH
17-4 PH stainless steel powder is a martensitic precipitation-hardening stainless steel that combines high strength and hardness with good corrosion resistance. It is commonly used in aerospace, chemical, and petrochemical industries. Its ability to be heat treated to various strength levels adds to its versatility.
Inconel 718 prášek
Inconel 718 is a nickel-chromium alloy known for its high strength, excellent fatigue, and creep resistance at high temperatures. This makes it ideal for high-temperature applications such as gas turbines and nuclear reactors. The powder form allows for the creation of complex shapes that are essential for these demanding environments.
Prášek titanu Ti-6Al-4V
Titanium Ti-6Al-4V, also known as Grade 5 titanium, is the most widely used titanium alloy. It offers an excellent combination of strength, light weight, and corrosion resistance. Its biocompatibility makes it suitable for medical implants, while its high strength-to-weight ratio is perfect for aerospace applications.
Kobalt-chromový prášek
Cobalt-chrome alloys are known for their superior wear resistance, high strength, and excellent biocompatibility. These properties make cobalt-chrome powder a preferred material for dental and orthopedic implants, as well as high-performance aerospace components.
Měděný prášek
Copper powder is prized for its excellent thermal and electrical conductivity. It is widely used in electrical components, heat exchangers, and automotive parts. Its relatively low cost and good corrosion resistance add to its appeal.
Aluminum AlSi10Mg Powder
AlSi10Mg is an aluminum alloy powder that combines light weight with good mechanical properties. It is often used in the automotive and aerospace industries for components that require high strength and light weight. Its good thermal conductivity makes it suitable for applications where heat dissipation is important.
Prášek z nástrojové oceli H13
H13 tool steel powder is known for its high toughness, good wear resistance, and stability at high temperatures. These properties make it an excellent choice for die-casting, extrusion, and hot forging tools. However, it requires protective coatings to prevent corrosion.
Karbid wolframu v prášku
Tungsten carbide powder is one of the hardest materials available, offering exceptional wear resistance and high temperature stability. It is used in cutting tools, mining equipment, and wear-resistant parts. However, its brittleness and high cost can be limiting factors.
Prášek z maragingové oceli
Maraging steel powder, such as 18Ni(300), offers ultra-high strength and good toughness. It is used in aerospace and tooling applications where high stress resistance is required. However, it is expensive and has limited corrosion resistance compared to other materials.
FAQ
Otázka | Odpovědět |
---|---|
What is metal powder used for in tooling? | Metal powder is used to create intricate shapes and high-precision tools that are difficult to make with bulk metals. |
Why is 316L stainless steel popular in tooling? | 316L stainless steel is popular due to its excellent corrosion resistance and good formability. |
How is metal powder manufactured? | Metal powder is typically produced through atomization, where molten metal is turned into fine particles. |
What are the advantages of using metal powder for tooling? | Metal powders allow for precise control over the material properties, enabling the production of complex shapes and high-strength components. |
Is titanium Ti-6Al-4V suitable for medical implants? | Yes, titanium Ti-6Al-4V is biocompatible and commonly used for medical implants. |
How does Inconel 718 perform in high-temperature environments? | Inconel 718 has excellent high-temperature stability and is used in applications such as gas turbines and nuclear reactors. |
Lze recyklovat kovové prášky? | Yes, metal powders can often be recycled, reducing waste and environmental impact. |
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MET3DP Technology Co., LTD je předním poskytovatelem řešení aditivní výroby se sídlem v Qingdao v Číně. Naše společnost se specializuje na zařízení pro 3D tisk a vysoce výkonné kovové prášky pro průmyslové aplikace.
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