Chrom CoCr prášek

Přehled

Chromium CoCr powder, also known as cobalt-chromium powder, is a specialized metal powder used in various industrial applications such as metal 3D printing, surface coating, and the manufacturing of medical implants.

Jedná se o slitinu složenou převážně z kobaltu a chromu, v menším množství se přidávají další prvky jako molybden, nikl, železo, mangan a křemík. Přesné složení lze upravit podle požadavků aplikace.

Chromové slitiny CoCr jsou ceněny pro vlastnosti, jako je vysoká pevnost, odolnost proti korozi, biokompatibilita a odolnost proti opotřebení. Proces práškové metalurgie umožňuje vyrábět z tohoto materiálu součásti se složitou geometrií.

Složení

Typical Composition Range of Chromium CoCr Powder

Živel	Hmotnost %
Kobalt (Co)	40-65%
Chrom (Cr)	19-30%
molybden (Mo)	0-10%
nikl (Ni)	0-1%
železo (Fe)	0-5%
mangan (Mn)	0-1%
křemík (Si)	0-1%
uhlík (C)	0-0.75%
Ostatní stopové prvky	0-1%

The ratio of cobalt to chromium can be adjusted based on whether wear resistance or corrosion resistance is more critical for the application. Higher chromium content improves corrosion and oxidation resistance. Higher cobalt provides better wear properties.

Custom alloys can also be produced with non-standard compositions tailored for specialized applications in industries like aerospace, energy, and electronics.

Výrobní proces

Chromium CoCr powder is manufactured through a gas atomization process in which the liquefied alloy is hit by high-pressure jets of inert gas like argon or nitrogen. This breaks the molten stream into very fine droplets that solidify into spherical powders.

The particle size distribution can range from 10 microns to over 100 microns based on requirements. Finer powders provide better sintering, while coarser particles improve powder flow characteristics.

Gas atomized CoCr powders have higher purity, more uniform composition, consistent particle sizes, and better flow compared to water atomized variants. However, they tend to be 15-20% more expensive due to higher production costs.

Vlastnosti

Physical and Mechanical Properties of Chromium CoCr Powder

Vlastnictví	Popis
Morfologie částic	Predominantly spherical with some satelliting
Zdánlivá hustota	Around 4 g/cc
Hustota poklepání	Up to 5.2 g/cc
Průtoková rychlost	Fairly free flowing > 1.25 g/s
Specific heat capacity	Around 0.44 J/g-°C
Bod tání	1260-1450°C
Pevnost v tahu	Up to 1310 MPa
Pevnost v tahu	Up to 1210 MPa
Prodloužení	8-16%
Tvrdost	Up to 50 HRC

CoCr alloys deliver an excellent combination of high strength and hardness coupled with reasonable ductility. The properties can be customized by tweaking the relative composition of elements.

Charakteristika

Special Characteristics of Chromium CoCr Alloy Powder

• Outstanding corrosion and wear resistance – Protective chromium oxide layer resists chemical attacks. High hardness retains dimensional integrity.
• Excellent biocompatibility and bio-inertness – Does not produce adverse reactions when used in medical implants.
• Retains strength and performance at high temperatures – Service temperature rating exceeds 800°C.
• Can be easily sterilized using normal hospital procedures.
• Lower density compared to alternatives like stainless steel – Lightweight constructs possible.
• Properties like hardness, corrosion resistance, etc. can be selectively enhanced.
• Powder production method allows very fine control over composition and size distribution.

These characteristics of chromium CoCr make it suitable for niche applications where regular alloys might struggle in terms of performance or safety.

Aplikace

Typical Applications of Chromium CoCr Powder

Průmysl	Application Areas
Aerospace	Turbine engine components, landing gear parts
Automobilový průmysl	Valve seats and guides, turbocharger parts
Energie	Coal gasification, nuclear and solar components
Průmyslový	Thermal spray coatings, tooling jigs and fixtures
Lékařský	Zubní implantáty, ortopedické implantáty, protetika
Ropa a plyn	Ball valve balls and seats, downhole tools

Other niche applications include electrical contacts, welding rods, jewelry, magnets, coins, ammunition, fasteners, cutting tools, etc.

The biocompatibility and corrosion resistance is leveraged for manufacturing critical aircraft components as well as load-bearing medical implants like hip and knee joints.

Additive manufacturing provides greater design freedom to use CoCr constructs even in complex geometries needed for patient-specific implants.

3D Printing with Chrom CoCr prášek

Advantages of Metal 3D Printing Using Chromium CoCr Feedstock

• Wide range of achievable mechanical properties – As high as cast or forged equivalents
• Fabrication of patient-specific implants suited to anatomy
• Products with complex interior features like lattice structures
• Limited part quantities with no requirement for tooling
• Reduced waste generation owing to additive nature
• Conformal cooling channels can be incorporated into parts
• Allows lightweight, optimized designs not feasible otherwise
• Shorter time to market for custom products

Both laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) and binder jetting can process Chromium CoCr powder. L-PBF offers better properties while binder jetting enables larger construcs.

Specifikace

Typical Size Distribution and Grades of Gas Atomized Chromium CoCr Powder

Velikost částic (mikrony)	Distribuce velikosti	Společné známky
<20	Used for binder jetting	CCo-20, CoCr-20s
20-45	Suitable for most LPBF processes	CCo-28, CoCr-28M
45-100	Optimal flow properties	CCo-45, CoCr-45H
>100	For thermal spray applications	CCo-106, CoCr-106

Finer powders provide higher resolution while coarser particles improve flow. Size can be optimized for parameters like layer thickness, surface finish, build speed, and post processing needs.

Relevant Standards for Composition and Manufacturing

• ASTM F75, ISO 5832-4, 5832-12: Alloy composition for cast cobalt-chromium surgical implants
• ASTM B348: Standard specification for titanium and titanium alloy powders
• ASTM F3055, F3056: Specifying characteristics of additive manufacturing metal powders

Dodavatelé a ceny

Indicative Pricing Range of Gas Atomized Chromium CoCr Powder

Stav	Cenové rozpětí
Vacuum packed	$50 - $150 za kg
Inert gas sealed	$60 – $200 per kg

Pricing depends strongly on order volume, particle size distribution, gas atomization method (air or argon), and quantity of trace elements.

Some Leading Suppliers

• Přísada pro tesaře
• Sandvik Osprey
• Praxair
• Hoganas
• Technologie LPW
• Erasteel

Cobalt alloys face variable raw material supply and extreme price volatility. Long term supply contracts are advisable for volume buyers.

Srovnání s alternativami

How Chromium CoCr Compares to Tool Steel and Stainless Steel Powders

Parametr	Chromium CoCr	Nástrojová ocel	Nerezová ocel
Hustota	Nízký	Střední	Vyšší
Tvrdost	Vysoký	Velmi vysoko	Střední
Síla	Vysoký	Střední	Střední
Odolnost proti korozi	Vynikající	Špatný	Vysoký
Odolnost proti opotřebení	Vynikající	Dobrý	Střední
Bio-inertness	Vysoký	Unproven	Mírný
Raw material cost	Vysoký	Nízký	Střední
Tepelné vlastnosti	Lepší	Špatný	Mírný
Vyrobitelnost	Komplexní	Mírný	Easy

Tool steels have outstanding hardness and can be alternative wear-resistant substitutes if biocompatibility is unimportant. Stainless steels are cheaper and adequate for normal corrosion protection needs.

For critical applications demanding reliability, performance, and safety, Chromium CoCr outperforms regular iron and steel alloys on multiple counts. The higher price tag is justified for unique use cases.

FAQ

What is Chromium Cobalt (CoCr) powder?Chromium Cobalt (CoCr) powder is a metal alloy powder composed primarily of chromium and cobalt. It is known for its excellent corrosion resistance, high-temperature stability, and biocompatibility.What are the main properties of Chromium Cobalt (CoCr) powder?Chromium Cobalt (CoCr) powder exhibits high strength, hardness, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility, making it suitable for various applications.What are the common applications of Chromium Cobalt (CoCr) powder?CoCr powder is commonly used in industries such as aerospace, medical, and dental. It is used in the production of aircraft engine components, orthopedic implants, dental prosthetics, and more.Is Chromium Cobalt (CoCr) powder safe for medical implants?Yes, CoCr is considered a biocompatible material and is widely used in the medical field for implants such as hip and knee replacements.What are the advantages of using Chromium Cobalt (CoCr) powder in aerospace applications?CoCr’s high-temperature stability and corrosion resistance make it ideal for aerospace applications, including the manufacturing of jet engine components and gas turbine parts.znát více procesů 3D tisku