Inconel 718 Pulver
Innehållsförteckning
Översikt
Inconel 718 pulver is a nickel-chromium alloy powder used primarily in additive manufacturing and metal 3D printing applications. Some key features of Inconel 718 powder include:
- High strength and hardness, including at high temperatures
- Utmärkt korrosions- och oxidationsbeständighet
- God svetsbarhet och maskinbearbetning
- Ability to additively manufacture complex geometries
- Used in aerospace, oil and gas, automotive, and other demanding industries
Inconel 718 is a precipitation hardening nickel alloy with additions of chromium, iron, niobium, molybdenum, titanium and aluminum. It combines corrosion resistance, high strength at elevated temperatures up to 700°C, and ease of fabrication into complex parts using additive manufacturing.
![Inconel 718 Pulver 1 inconel 718 pulver](https://met3dp.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/K403-Powder.jpg)
Inconel 718 Powder Composition
The nominal composition of Inconel 718 powder is given below:
Element | Vikt % |
---|---|
Nickel (Ni) | 50-55% |
Krom (Cr) | 17-21% |
Järn (Fe) | Balans |
Niob (Nb) + Tantal (Ta) | 4.75-5.5% |
Molybden (Mo) | 2.8-3.3% |
Titan (Ti) | 0.65-1.15% |
Aluminium (Al) | 0.2-0.8% |
The iron content is balanced to 100% by weight. Other trace elements like carbon, manganese and silicon may be present in small quantities.
The key alloying elements in Inconel 718 powder are nickel, chromium, niobium, and molybdenum. Nickel forms the matrix of the alloy providing ductility. Chromium provides oxidation and corrosion resistance. Niobium in combination with nickel and chromium contributes to precipitation hardening. Molybdenum also enhances high temperature strength through solid solution strengthening.
Characteristics and Properties of Inconel 718 Pulver
Inconel 718 powder exhibits the following characteristics:
Mekaniska egenskaper:
- Tensile strength: 1,034 – 1,414 MPa
- Yield strength: 827- 1,103 MPa
- Elongation: Around 20%
- Hardness: 36-48 HRC
Fysikaliska egenskaper:
- Melting point: 1,300°C
- Densitet: 8,19 g/cm3
Thermal Properties:
- Coefficient of thermal expansion: 12.8 x 10<sup>-6</sup> /K
- Maximum service temperature: 700°C
- Thermal conductivity: 11.2 W/m.K
Motståndskraft mot korrosion:
- Excellent corrosion resistance in wide range of acids, alkalis and salts
- Resists sulphidation and oxidation up to 700°C
Partikelstorleksfördelning av Inconel 718-pulver
Typical particle size distributions for Inconel 718 powder for AM processes are:
Partikelstorlek (μm) | Procentuell andel (%) |
---|---|
15 to 25 | 55% |
25 to 45 | 30% |
45 to 75 | 10% |
Above 75 | 5% |
Narrower particle size distributions like 15-45 μm can be used but generally wider distributions between 15-75 μm are common. Finer atomized powders below 15 μm are also available. Larger particles above 100 μm may need sieving out.
Production Methods of Inconel 718 Powder
The common production methods for Inconel 718 alloy powder include:
- Atomisering av gas – High pressure inert gas (N2 or Ar) disintegrates molten alloy stream into fine droplets which solidify into powder. Provides spherical powder ideal for AM.
- Process med roterande elektrod – Molten material is spun at high speeds in an inert atmosphere to produce flakes or spherical powder. Lower cost than atomization.
- Process med roterande elektrod och plasma (PREP) – Electrodes of Inconel 718 are rotated and melted using a plasma heat source in an inert gas atmosphere. This produces spherical powder suitable for AM.
- Vacuum Induction Melting (VIM) followed by Gas Atomization – Alloy is first melted using VIM to refine composition and remove inclusions. Then atomized into powder.
Gas atomized and plasma rotating electrode powders with controlled particle size distribution are preferred for additive manufacturing with Inconel 718.
Standarder och specifikationer
Inconel 718 powder manufactured for additive manufacturing applications complies with the following specifications:
Standard/Specifikation | Organisation |
---|---|
AMS 5662 | SAE International |
ASTM B214 | ASTM International |
ISO 21432 | ISO |
Chemistry conforms to AMS 5662 and mechanical properties to AMS 5662 or ASTM B214 after built using AM and heat treatment.
Uses and Applications
The major uses and applications of Inconel 718 alloy powder include:
Aerospace: Critical aerospace components like turbines blades, casing, fasteners, gears, waveguides and airframes are additively manufactured using Inconel 718 powder due to its high strength and performance at elevated temperatures.
Olja och gas: Used to print downhole tools, valves, wellhead components that must withstand hydrogen sulfide cracking and corrosion.
Automotive and Racing: Lightweight, high performance components like turbochargers, engine valves and exhaust manifolds are 3D printed in Inconel 718 instead of steel.
Medical and Dental: Surgical instruments, dental crowns and implants printed due to biocompatibility and ability to sterilize through autoclaving.
Verktyg: Lightweight Inconel 718 tooling 3D printed using AM offers longer life than traditional tool steels.
Pumps, Valves and Marine Hardware: Components exposed to seawater corrosion and marine environments printed in Inconel 718.
Advantages of Inconel 718 Powder
The advantages of using Inconel 718 powder for additive manufacturing include:
- Parts printed in Inconel 718 can match or exceed the strength levels of forgings
- Ability to produce complex, lightweight geometries not possible with castings
- As-printed surface finish much smoother than machined surfaces
- Lower component weight reduces fuel consumption in aerospace applications
- Excellent corrosion resistance in harsh environments without coatings
- High hardness provides good wear and abrasion resistance
- Fully dense components compared to cast porosity defects
- Reduced lead times and costs compared to forgings or castings
Begränsningar av Inconel 718 Pulver
Some limitations or disadvantages associated with Inconel 718 powder include:
- High material costs compared to tool steels or aluminum alloys
- Requires hot isostatic pressing (HIP) after AM to achieve best properties
- Difficult to print and process due to poor thermal conductivity
- Prone to cracking and porosity defects without optimized parameters
- Limited number of metal 3D printer models can process Inconel 718 powder
- Post-processing like supports removal, machining and finishing add to costs
- Qualification and certification requires expensive mechanical testing
Kostnadsanalys
Typical pricing for Inconel 718 alloy powder for additive manufacturing is summarized below:
Pulverkvalitet | Kostnad per kg |
---|---|
Inconel 718 Pre-alloyed atomized powder | $220 – $350 per kg |
Inconel 718 plasma atomized powder | $245 – $425 per kg |
Inconel 718 gas atomized powder | $275 – $485 per kg |
Inconel 718 HIP powder | $300 – $450 per kg |
Cost depends on powder particle size distribution, morphology, manufacturing method and purchase quantity. Additional costs are incurred for heat treatment, HIP treatment, machining, testing and certification which can exceed the material cost. Buying fully certified aerospace quality powder will be costlier.
Leverantörer
Some of the major global suppliers of Inconel 718 nickel alloy powder for AM include:
Företag | Varumärken |
---|---|
Sandvik Osprey | Osprey 718 for AM |
Snickare Tillsats | CarTech AL718V |
Praxair | 718 Atomized Powder |
Hoganas | 718Bond for AM |
LPW-teknik | LP71S-F |
SLM-lösningar | IN718 |
Urvalskriterier
The main selection criteria for Inconel 718 powder includes:
Kemisk sammansättning – Must conform to AMS 5662 or ASTM B214 composition specifications
Fördelning av partikelstorlek – D50 and distribution depends on AM process and desired layer resolution
Powder shape – Highly spherical and smooth powder morphology ensures optimal powder flow and uniform layers
Manufacturing method – Gas atomized and plasma atomized powder preferred over PREP, rotary atomized methods
Föroreningar – Low oxygen and nitrogen levels to prevent defects and cracking issues
Skenbar densitet och tappdensitet – Higher density improves powder reuse rates and packing
Flödeshastighet – Minimum Hall flow rate of 20 sec for 50 g ensures smooth powder spreading
Jämförande analys
Comparison between Inconel 718 powder and alternatives:
Legering | Inconel 718 | Inconel 625 | Haynes 282 |
---|---|---|---|
Densitet (g/cm3) | 8.19 | 8.44 | 8.36 |
Draghållfasthet (MPa) | 1275 | 860 | 1035 |
Max Operating Temp (°C) | 700 | 980 | 730 |
Motståndskraft mot korrosion | Utmärkt | Utmärkt | Måttlig |
Kostnad per kg | Hög | Måttlig | Hög |
Inconel 718 vs Steel Powders
Parameter | Inconel 718 | Maråldrat stål | Rostfritt stål |
---|---|---|---|
Styrka | Högre | Equivalent | Lägre |
Hårdhet | Högre | Slightly Lower | Much Lower |
Kostnad | 3-4 times higher | – | Lägre |
Advantages vs Stainless Steels
- Greater high temperature strength
- Higher hardness and wear resistance
- Improved corrosion resistance
Disadvantages vs Stainless Steels
- Higher material cost
- Lägre duktilitet och brottseghet
- More difficult to print and process
Print Parameters for Inconel 718 Pulver
Typical range of print parameters for Inconel 718 powder on laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) systems:
Parameter | Räckvidd |
---|---|
Skiktets tjocklek (μm) | 20 – 50 |
Lasereffekt (W) | 195 – 400W |
Skanningshastighet (mm/s) | 700 – 1300 |
Hatch spacing (mm) | 0.08 – 0.12 |
Powder bed temperature (°C) | 90 – 180 |
Parameters depend on factors like desired resolution, mechanical properties, build rates, OEM printer specifications and powder characteristics.
![Inconel 718 Pulver 11 inconel 718 pulver](https://met3dp.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Al-3104-powder.jpg)
Post-Processing Operations
The common post-processing steps performed on Inconel 718 printed parts include:
- Powder removal: Excess powder is first blown or brushed off from internal cavities and surfaces
- Stresslindrande: Heating below solutionizing temperature to remove residual stresses
- Varm isostatisk pressning (HIP): Capsule HIP process helps close internal cavities and micropores
- Solution treatment and aging: Precipitation hardening heat treatments to achieve required properties
- Surface machining: CNC machining printed surfaces to lower roughness and bring to tighter tolerances
- Surface conditioning: Glass bead peening, laser polishing or other surface conditioning processes can lower roughness
Vanliga frågor
Why is Inconel 718 the most widely used superalloy for metal 3D printing?
Inconel 718 is popular for additive manufacturing due to its excellent strength at high temperatures, good corrosion resistance, ease of fabrication into complex geometries using 3D printing, ability to perform in extreme environments, and adoption in critical applications in aerospace, oil and gas, etc. where failure is not an option.
Does Inconel 718 require heat treatment after AM?
Yes, heat treatment involving solution annealing and multiple step aging are necessary after printing components in Inconel 718 via AM to adjust the microstructure for transforming into hardened precipitates which provide the excellent mechanical properties.
What is the difference between Inconel 625 vs 718 in additive manufacturing?
The main differences are that Inconel 625 has higher weldability while Inconel 718 offers greater yield and tensile strength. Inconel 718 also performs better under cryogenic conditions while Inconel 625 is preferred for resistance to fatigue, stress corrosion cracking and wear.
Should Inconel 718 parts be HIPed after 3D printing?
Hot isostatic pressing (HIP) helps to eliminate internal voids and microporosity in AM Inconel 718 components. HIP improves ductility, fatigue life and corrosion resistance while reducing potential failure points. Aerospace applications require HIP to ensure highest quality and reliability.
Dela på
Facebook
Twitter
LinkedIn
WhatsApp
E-post
MET3DP Technology Co, LTD är en ledande leverantör av lösningar för additiv tillverkning med huvudkontor i Qingdao, Kina. Vårt företag är specialiserat på 3D-utskriftsutrustning och högpresterande metallpulver för industriella tillämpningar.
Förfrågan för att få bästa pris och anpassad lösning för ditt företag!
Relaterade artiklar
Om Met3DP
Spela videoklipp
Senaste uppdateringen
Vår produkt
KONTAKTA OSS
Har du några frågor? Skicka oss meddelande nu! Vi kommer att betjäna din begäran med ett helt team efter att ha fått ditt meddelande.
![metall 3dp logotyp liten](https://met3dp.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/metal-3dp-logo-small.png)
Metallpulver för 3D-printing och additiv tillverkning
FÖRETAG
PRODUKT
cONTACT INFO
- Qingdao City, Shandong, Kina
- [email protected]
- [email protected]
- +86 19116340731