IN738LC Powder: Superior Heat-Resistant Material for Critical Uses
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If you’re dealing with high-performance applications in industries like aerospace, power generation, or automotive, you’ve probably come across IN738LC powder. This nickel-based superalloy is renowned for its outstanding high-temperature strength, corrosion resistance, and oxidation resistance. But what makes it stand out in such demanding applications, and why is it the go-to material for turbine blades, gas turbines, and combustors?
In this comprehensive guide, we’ll dive deep into IN738LC powder—unpacking everything from its composition and properties to its applications, specifications, and pricing. We’ll also cover the advantages and limitations of using this superalloy in various industries, and provide a detailed FAQ section to answer common questions.
Let’s get started!
Overview: What is IN738LC Powder?
IN738LC powder is a nickel-based superalloy specifically designed for use in environments that experience extremely high temperatures and oxidative stresses. The “LC” in IN738LC stands for Low Carbon, which gives the material improved weldability and resistance to cracking during processing, compared to its higher-carbon counterpart, IN738.
This material is widely used in gas turbine engines and other high-temperature applications where mechanical strength and oxidation resistance are critical. IN738LC powder is also popular in additive manufacturing and powder metallurgy, allowing the production of complex, high-performance parts that maintain their integrity in extreme environments.
Key Features of IN738LC Powder:
- High-temperature strength—retains mechanical properties up to 980°C (1800°F).
- Superior oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance in extreme conditions.
- Excellent creep resistance for long-term use in high-stress environments.
- Suitable for additive manufacturing techniques such as selective laser melting and powder-bed fusion.
- Commonly used in aerospace, power generation, and automotive industries for turbine blades, discs, and combustors.
Now, let’s take a closer look at the composition and key properties that make IN738LC powder such a formidable material.
Composition and Key Properties of IN738LC Powder
The chemical composition of IN738LC powder is designed to offer superior performance in high-temperature and oxidative environments. Each element in the alloy plays a crucial role in determining its mechanical properties, oxidation resistance, and creep resistance.
Chemical Composition of IN738LC Powder
Element | Percentage (%) | Role in the Alloy |
---|---|---|
Nickel (Ni) | 58.0-63.0 | Forms the base of the alloy, providing high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance. |
Chromium (Cr) | 15.7-16.3 | Adds to oxidation resistance and improves corrosion resistance in high-temperature environments. |
Cobalt (Co) | 8.0-9.0 | Enhances strength and hardness at elevated temperatures. |
Aluminum (Al) | 3.2-3.7 | Improves oxidation resistance and contributes to precipitation hardening, increasing the alloy’s strength. |
Titanium (Ti) | 3.2-3.7 | Contributes to precipitation hardening, enhancing the overall strength and creep resistance. |
Tungsten (W) | 2.4-2.8 | Provides additional creep resistance by reinforcing the crystal structure. |
Molybdenum (Mo) | 1.5-2.0 | Enhances high-temperature strength and offers resistance to corrosion. |
Tantalum (Ta) | 1.5-2.0 | Increases the alloy’s high-temperature strength and creep resistance. |
Carbon (C) | 0.08 max | Increases hardness but is kept low to improve weldability and reduce cracking. |
Boron (B) | 0.01 max | Improves grain boundary strength and enhances the alloy’s creep resistance. |
Zirconium (Zr) | 0.03-0.08 | Stabilizes grain boundaries, further improving creep resistance. |
Mechanical and Thermal Properties of IN738LC Powder
IN738LC powder is engineered to perform exceptionally well in high-stress, high-temperature environments. Below are some of the key properties that make it such a popular choice for turbine blades and other critical components.
Property | Value/Description |
---|---|
Density | 8.11 g/cm³ |
Melting Point | 1230°C – 1315°C |
Tensile Strength | 1000 MPa at room temperature |
Yield Strength | 780 MPa at room temperature |
Elongation at Break | 10-15% |
Creep Resistance | Excellent, particularly up to 900°C |
Oxidation Resistance | Outstanding in environments up to 980°C |
Hardness | 200-240 HB (Brinell Hardness) |
Thermal Conductivity | Low, which helps improve performance in high-temperature applications. |
Weldability | Good, though requires preheat and post-weld heat treatments to avoid cracking. |
Advantages of IN738LC Powder: Why Choose This Superalloy?
With so many materials available for high-temperature applications, why should you choose IN738LC powder? Let’s explore the key advantages that make it a top choice for engineers and manufacturers alike.
1. Exceptional High-Temperature Strength
When it comes to high-temperature environments, IN738LC powder is hard to beat. It retains its mechanical properties at temperatures as high as 980°C (1800°F), making it ideal for turbine blades, exhaust systems, and combustor components. Unlike other alloys that lose their strength at elevated temperatures, IN738LC maintains its integrity, ensuring long-term reliability.
2. Superior Oxidation and Corrosion Resistance
In industries like aerospace and power generation, components are often exposed to oxidative and corrosive environments. Thanks to its high chromium and aluminum content, IN738LC powder provides superior oxidation resistance even at extreme temperatures. This makes it perfect for use in gas turbines, where oxidation can significantly reduce the lifespan of components.
3. Excellent Creep Resistance
Creep—slow deformation under stress at high temperatures—is a significant concern for materials used in turbines and combustors. IN738LC powder is designed with this in mind, offering excellent creep resistance that ensures long-term stability in demanding applications. This is particularly crucial in industries where downtime and component failure are costly.
4. Versatility in Manufacturing
Whether you’re working with additive manufacturing, powder metallurgy, or investment casting, IN738LC powder is versatile enough to meet your needs. It’s commonly used in 3D printing to create complex, high-performance parts with fine detailing and intricate geometries. This versatility makes it an excellent choice for a wide range of industries.
Applications of IN738LC Powder: Where It Shines
Given its outstanding properties, IN738LC powder is used in some of the most demanding industries around the world. Its ability to withstand high temperatures, resist oxidation, and maintain strength makes it a staple in gas turbines, aerospace, and power generation.
Common Applications of IN738LC Powder
Industry | Application |
---|---|
Aerospace | Turbine blades, combustor components, afterburners, and rotors exposed to high temperatures and oxidative environments. |
Power Generation | Turbine discs, blades, and seals in gas turbines and steam turbines. |
Automotive | Turbocharger components and exhaust systems that require both high strength and resistance to extreme heat. |
Oil and Gas | Downhole tools, valves, and seals exposed to high-pressure, high-temperature environments. |
Additive Manufacturing | 3D printed parts for aerospace, energy, and automotive components where high temperature and strength are essential. |
From jet engines to power turbines, IN738LC powder is trusted by engineers for high-performance applications that demand reliable materials.
Specifications, Sizes, Grades, and Standards for IN738LC Powder
To ensure you’re selecting the right material for your project, it’s essential to understand the available specifications, sizes, and standards for IN738LC powder. This ensures you get the correct material for your specific application—whether it’s for additive manufacturing or investment casting.
Specifications for IN738LC Powder
Specification | Details |
---|---|
Particle Size | Typically ranges from 15 to 53 microns, depending on the application (e.g., additive manufacturing or thermal spray). |
Powder Morphology | Generally spherical particles for improved flowability and deposition. |
ASTM Standards | ASTM B637 for nickel-based superalloys used in aerospace and industrial applications. |
ISO Standards | ISO 15156 for materials used in sour gas environments. |
UNS Number | UNS N07738 |
AMS Standards | AMS 5392 for nickel-chromium-cobalt alloys like IN738LC. |
When selecting IN738LC powder, make sure to choose the right specification to meet the requirements of your specific industry or application.
Suppliers and Pricing of IN738LC Powder
The price of IN738LC powder can vary widely based on the supplier, particle size, and volume needed. While it is generally more expensive than standard materials, its long-term performance often makes it a cost-effective solution for high-temperature and high-stress applications.
Suppliers and Pricing
Supplier | Price Range (per kg) | Notes |
---|---|---|
Höganäs AB | $600 – $800 | A global leader in metal powders, including IN738LC for additive manufacturing and powder metallurgy. |
Carpenter Technology | $620 – $850 | Specializes in high-performance alloys, offering custom particle sizes for specific applications. |
Oerlikon Metco | $610 – $830 | Provides IN738LC powder for thermal spray coatings and 3D printing applications. |
Sandvik | $630 – $850 | Offers advanced materials for aerospace and energy sectors, including IN738LC powder. |
Kennametal | $620 – $840 | Supplier of premium nickel-based alloys, including IN738LC for industrial and energy applications. |
On average, the price of IN738LC powder ranges between $600 and $850 per kilogram, depending on the supplier and specific requirements.
Comparing the Pros and Cons of IN738LC Powder
Before choosing IN738LC powder for your next project, it’s essential to weigh both the advantages and limitations. Doing so ensures you’re making the best possible choice for your specific application.
Advantages of IN738LC Powder
Advantage | Description |
---|---|
High-Temperature Strength: Retains mechanical properties up to 980°C. | Ideal for turbine blades, exhaust systems, and combustors. |
Oxidation Resistance: Excels in oxidative environments. | Perfect for components exposed to hot gases and air at high temperatures. |
Creep Resistance: Long-term stability under stress. | Ensures reliability in critical applications like turbine discs and seals. |
Versatile Manufacturing: Compatible with 3D printing, thermal spray, and powder metallurgy. | Allows for complex geometries in additive manufacturing. |
Corrosion Resistance: Performs well in harsh environments. | Increases lifespan in corrosive applications like oil and gas. |
Limitations of IN738LC Powder
Limitation | Description |
---|---|
High Cost: More expensive than many other materials. | May not be suitable for budget-sensitive applications. |
Machining Difficulty: Requires specialized tools for precision machining. | Increases machining time and cost, especially for intricate parts. |
Limited Availability: Not always readily available in large quantities. | Can lead to longer lead times, especially for custom formulations or large orders. |
Oxidation at Very High Temperatures: Oxidation can become an issue above 980°C without coatings. | May require protective coatings for applications at extreme temperatures. |
FAQs
Still have questions? Below are some answers to the most frequently asked questions about IN738LC powder.
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What is IN738LC powder used for? | It is typically used in high-temperature applications like turbine blades, combustors, and exhaust systems in aerospace and power generation. |
How much does IN738LC powder cost? | The price of it ranges from $600 to $850 per kilogram, depending on the supplier and specific requirements. |
Can IN738LC powder be used in 3D printing? | Yes, it is widely used in additive manufacturing processes like selective laser melting to create high-performance components. |
What industries use IN738LC powder? | It is commonly used in aerospace, power generation, automotive, and oil and gas industries. |
Is IN738LC powder oxidation-resistant? | Yes, IN738LC offers excellent oxidation resistance, particularly in high-temperature environments. |
What are the main advantages of IN738LC powder? | IN738LC provides high-temperature strength, oxidation resistance, and creep resistance, making it ideal for extreme environments. |
What are the challenges of processing IN738LC powder? | Due to its high strength, machining IN738LC can be challenging, often requiring specialized tools and techniques for precision fabrication. |
Can IN738LC powder handle extreme heat? | Yes, IN738LC is designed to retain its properties at temperatures up to 980°C, making it ideal for turbines and combustor components. |
What are the limitations of IN738LC powder? | The main limitations are its high cost and machining difficulty, which may increase production time and costs. |
Conclusion: Is IN738LC Powder the Right Choice for Your Project?
When you need a material that can withstand extreme temperatures, oxidative environments, and mechanical stress, it is a top contender. Its ability to retain strength and resist creep at temperatures as high as 980°C makes it a trusted choice in aerospace, power generation, and automotive industries.
Although the cost and machining complexity might be higher than other materials, the long-term benefits of choosing it—including its durability, oxidation resistance, and creep resistance—often make it a cost-effective solution for high-performance applications.
In conclusion, if your project demands a material that can thrive in extreme conditions, it is an excellent investment that delivers consistent performance and reliability where it matters most.
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