Inconel 600 Powder

Inconel 600 Powder is a nickel-chromium-iron alloy with excellent corrosion and heat resistance. It is used extensively in high temperature applications. Inconel 600 powder is the powder metallurgy form of Inconel 600, which offers several advantages over conventional Inconel 600 such as better mechanical properties.

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Table of Contents

Overview

Inconel 600 Powder is a nickel-chromium-iron alloy with excellent corrosion and heat resistance. It is used extensively in high temperature applications. Inconel 600 powder is the powder metallurgy form of Inconel 600, which offers several advantages over conventional Inconel 600 such as better mechanical properties.

Some key details about Inconel 600 powder:

  • Composition: Nickel 72%, Chromium 14-17%, Iron 6-10% plus minor amounts of carbon, manganese, silicon, sulfur and copper
  • High temperature strength from cryogenic to 1093°C (2000°F)
  • Excellent resistance to corrosion and oxidation
  • Good mechanical properties at both low and high temperatures
  • Versatile material used in a wide range of industries
  • Powder metallurgy processing results in fine grains and improved properties
  • Available in various size ranges suitable for different applications

Table 1: Composition of Inconel 600 Powder

Element Composition %
Nickel 72
Chromium 14 – 17
Iron 6 – 10
Carbon 0.15 max
Manganese 1.0 max
Silicon 0.5 max
Sulfur 0.015 max
Copper 0.5 max

Types and Grades

Several variants of Inconel 600 powder are commercially available:

Table 2: Variants of Inconel 600 Powder

Type Description
Inconel 617 Modified chemistry for improved creep strength
Inconel 601 Higher aluminum plus titanium addition improves oxidation resistance
Inconel 690 Higher chromium content gives better corrosion resistance
Inconel 600 SG Atomized spherical powder gives excellent flowability

Inconel 600 powder also comes in different size ranges for various applications:

Table 3: Size Grades of Inconel 600 Powder

Size Range Typical Applications
>150 microns Hot extrusion, hot isostatic pressing
45-150 microns Metal injection molding, cold isostatic pressing
5-45 microns Additive manufacturing, spray coatings
<5 microns Production of oxide dispersion strengthened alloys

Properties and Characteristics

Inconel 600 has outstanding high temperature properties combined with good resistance to corrosive environments. Some of the key properties include:

Table 4: Properties of Inconel 600 Powder

Property Value
Density 8.47 g/cc
Melting Point 1355-1390°C (2475-2535°F)
Thermal Conductivity 9.8 W/m-K
Electrical Resistivity 92 to 112 μΩ-cm
Modulus of Elasticity 205 GPa
Poisson’s Ratio 0.29-0.30
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion 13.3 x 10<sup>-6</sup> /°C
Elongation 45%

The microstructure of Inconel 600 consists of an austenitic face centered cubic matrix with small additions of niobium and titanium carbides. The grain size is very fine in the powder product compared to conventional Inconel 600.

Micrograph showing the fine grained microstructure of gas atomized Inconel 600 powder. Image credit PMReview

Applications and Uses

The combination of strength across a wide temperature range, corrosion resistance and ease of fabrication makes Inconel 600 suitable for numerous high performance applications:

Table 5: Applications of Inconel 600 Powder

Industry Typical Applications
Aerospace Turbine blades, combustor cans and liners, exhaust cones
Automotive Turbocharger turbine wheels and housings
Chemical Heat treating baskets and fixtures, process piping
Petroleum Refining Reformer and cracker tubes exposed to high temperatures
Power Generation Boiler tubes, coal gasification, heat recovery systems
Biomedical Orthopedic and dental implants

In powder form, Inconel 600 is ideal for part manufacture using powder bed fusion or directed energy deposition. This gives greater design freedom compared to conventional techniques for making components with complex shapes.

Specifications

Inconel 600 powder is covered by various national and international specifications:

Table 6: Specifications for Inconel 600 Powder

Standard Designation Title
ASTM B171 Standard Specification for Inconel Alloy 600 Tube
ASME SB 171 Inconel Alloy 600 Seamless Tube
ISO 13380:1997 Unalloyed titanium – Powder metallurgy products
AMS 5837 Sheet, strip, plate, bar, wire, forgings and rings
NACE Use for service in high temperature aqueous solutions

Manufacturers and Pricing

There are several reputable global suppliers that manufacture Inconel 600 alloy powder:

Table 7: Suppliers of Inconel 600 Powder

Company Product Designation Price Per Kg
Sandvik A 600 Atomized Powder $18 – $28
Praxair Inconel 617 Powder $22 – $36
Hoganas Shapal Hi-Flow 464 $16 – $24
Carpenter Additive Inconel 660 Pre-alloyed $25 – $45

Pricing varies based on factors like order volume, size distribution and whether value-added processing is included. Small quantities for R&D purposes are more expensive.

Comparison

Table 8: Comparison of Inconel 600 with other alloys

Alloy Strength Wear Resistance Oxidation Resistance Cost
Inconel 600 Medium Medium Excellent Medium
Inconel 625 Higher Excellent Excellent High
SS 316L Lower Low Medium Low
Inconel 718 Highest Good Very Good Highest

So Inconel 600 provides an optimal balance between performance and cost for many applications requiring good environmental resistance and strength at extreme temperatures.

Pros and Cons

Table 9: Advantages and limitations of Inconel 600 powder

Pros Cons
Outstanding high temperature strength More expensive than carbon steel or stainless steel powders
Resistance to oxidation and corrosion Lower tensile strength compared to precipitation hardening grades
Non-magnetic, unlike steel alloys Requires hot isostatic pressing to achieve full density
Readily fabricable across range of methods Restricted weldability without proper PWHT
Powder route gives better control of composition Limited data available compared to Inconel wrought products

In general, Inconel 600 powder provides valuable benefits in extreme environment service that justify the higher cost in many critical applications.

FAQs

What is the difference between Inconel and stainless steel?

Inconel alloys are nickel-based while stainless steels contain at least 10.5% chromium and more than 50% iron. Inconels offer substantially better tensile strength and corrosion resistance at high temperatures exceeding 540°C where steels rapidly lose strength.

What industries use Inconel 600?

Aerospace is the largest consumer of Inconel alloys but they find widespread use in power generation, chemical processing, pollution control equipment, nuclear reactors and even motorsports and Formula 1 exhaust systems.

What fabrication methods can be used with Inconel 600 powder?

Hot isostatic pressing (HIP) and powder bed technologies like selective laser melting (SLM) or electron beam melting (EBM) are popular. Other techniques like metal injection molding (MIM) and binder jetting can also utilize the powders.

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